Term
What two communication and control systems does the body have? |
|
Definition
Nervous system Endocrine system |
|
|
Term
How does the nervous system communicate? |
|
Definition
via chemical messengers called neurotransmitters - produced only by neurons- neurotransmitters only travel short distances between nerve cells called synapses |
|
|
Term
How does the endocrine system communicate? |
|
Definition
hormones - secreted in bloodstream - travel long distances to reach their target cells - can be secreted long periods of time |
|
|
Term
What is the function of a neuron? |
|
Definition
Basic functional unit of the system - respond to stimuli and conduct impulses from one part of the cell to another |
|
|
Term
What is the function of neuroglia? |
|
Definition
They structurally and functionally support and protect the neurons. |
|
|
Term
How long can a neuron survive without oxygen? |
|
Definition
Not more than a few minutes! |
|
|
Term
What are the parts of a neuron? |
|
Definition
body - soma or perikaryon dendrites axon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
They receive stimuli or impulses from other neurons and transmit it to the cell body.
considered to be afferent processes because they conduct impulses toward the body of the cell |
|
|
Term
What is the function of the axon? |
|
Definition
They conduct impulses away from the cell body toward another neuron or effector cell.
considered to be efferent processes because they conduct impulses away from the cell body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nervous tissue that is made up largely of neuron cell bodies - appears darker |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nervous tissue that contains many myelinated axons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sheath of fatty substance that covers axons - appears white |
|
|
Term
What are the Nodes of Ranvier? |
|
Definition
small gaps in the myelin sheath |
|
|
Term
What is the relationship between the myelin sheath and the Nodes of Ranvier? |
|
Definition
they work together to enhance the speed of conduction of nerve impulses along the axon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|