Virus

(structure)

• nucleic acid
• protein coat (Capsid)
• Host specific: virus can only infect cells that have receptor site for viral protein.

• Attachment
• penetration/ uncoating
• synthesis of viral components
• assembly of viral components
• release of progeny virons (lysis)

• Type of nucleic acid
• capsid morphology
• host range

Virus

(Pathogen)

• Pathogen- infectious disease causing agent
• Virus is non-living, needs a host
•  

Prokaryotes

(characterstic)

• No Nucleus
• 3 basic shapes

        Coccus- Spherical

        Bacillus- Rod

        Spirillus- Spiral 

• Diplo-pairs
• Strepto-chains
• staphlo-clustors 

Prokaryotes

(non-cellulose)

(Gram Stain)

1. Crystal Violet added

2. Iodine binds dye to the cell

3. Acetone for decolorization

    a.purple retained by gram+

    b.Removed from gram -

4. Safranin- counterstain, stains gram red

caused by diffrence in the structure of cell wall

     a. Gram+ contains peptideglycan

   Makes susceptile to antibiotics lysozymoses

    b.Gram contains lipopolysaccharide

Prokaryote

(Locomotion)

• cillia
• Flagella 

Prokaryotes

(Reproduction)

• Asexual- Binary fission
• conjugation:- with pillia and transfer of plasmids 

• vegetative(dormant) state that is highly resistant to adverse enviromental conditions.
• when conditions again become favorable growth continues
• highly resistant to heat, drying , irrasiation acids and disinfectant

Classification

(Eubacteria- True Bacteria)

1. Photoauthrophs:- cynobacteria or blue-green algea

    undergo photosynthesis

    can do both anerobic and aerobic respiration there for it is facultative.

2. Chemoheterophs  A, feed on others

B, beneficial

lacto bacillus, ecoli is in the human gut and it helps produce vitamin k, Azopirillum fixes nitrogen

C, Pathogen- diesease causing

• extreme thermophiles:- heat lovers
•  extreme Halophiles:- Salt lovers
• Methanogens:- methane makers, anerobic

• Mutualism:- Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes. bacteria gets home, plant gets nitrogen
• Commensalism:- Clown fish lives anemone where it is protected from by stinging cells. anemone gets no benefit.
• Parasitism tape worm eats all your food.