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Vocabulary Chapter 2
SCIENCE
20
Other
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10/30/2003

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Term
cell theory
Definition
A major theory of life science that (1)all organisms consist of cells (2)cells are basic units of structure & function in organisms (3)all cells come from other cells
Term
cell membrane
Definition
The selectively permeable outer boundary of a cell that allows for food & oxygen to move into the cell and wastes to leave it
Term
cell wall
Definition
A rigid structure made of cellulose that surrounds a plant cell membrane to support & protect it
Term
chloroplasts
Definition
A plant cell organelle in which light energy is changed into chemical energy in the form of sugar during the process of photosynthesis
Term
chromatin
Definition
Long strands of DNA in a cell's nucleus
Term
compound light microscope
Definition
An instrument that uses lenses to magnify objects
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
The fluid material inside the cell membrane that contains structures that carry out life processes
Term
electron microscope
Definition
An instrument using beams of electrons that magnifies objects too small to be seen with a light microscope
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
A cell organelle consisting of folded membranes that move materials around within the cell
Term
Golgi bodies
Definition
Cell organelles consisting of stacks of membrane covered sacs that pinch off & move proteins to the outside of the cell
Term
lysosomes
Definition
An organelle with chemicals that digest waste and worn out cell parts
Term
mitochondria
Definition
A cell organelle that breaks down food molecules and releases energy
Term
nucleus
Definition
A structure inside a cell that directs the cell's activities
Term
organ
Definition
A structure made up of different types of tissues that work together to do a specific job
Term
organelles
Definition
Membrane bound structures within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Organelles break down food, move wastes and store materials
Term
organ system
Definition
A group of organs working together for a specific job. For example, the digestive system
Term
rejection
Definition
A process whereby the immune system attacks a transplanted organ
Term
ribosomes
Definition
A cell organelle on which protein is made
Term
tissue
Definition
Similar cells that do the same sort of work; for example, all muscle tissue contracts
Term
vacuole
Definition
A storage area in a cell for water, food or waste products
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