Term
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Definition
| All needles and glass cartridges are disposed of in the: |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ is the part of the syringe which penetrates the rubber stopper of the carpule. |
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Term
| Burr or barb on needle tip |
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Definition
| A patient's experience of pain during withdrawal of the needle may be accounted for by: |
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Term
| False! A sharp blow at this point may build up pressure in the carpule and break the glass, so the harpoon should be engaged by gently pushing on the piston until fully engaged then attach the needle. |
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Definition
| T/F: When assembling a syringe for the first injection on a patient, you should engage the harpoon by using a firm, sharp blow to the thumb-ring of the syringe. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ideally, the topical anesthetic should remain in contact with the patient's tissue for how long before the injection is begun? |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: The lower the number, the larger the diameter of the lumen or opening. Therefore a 25 gauge needle has a larger lumen than the 30 gauge needle. |
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Term
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Definition
| The plastic or metal piece through which the needle attaches to the syringe is called the ____. |
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Term
| Breech loading, metallic, cartridge type, aspirating syringe |
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Definition
| The most commonly used syringe in dentistry is the: |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: After inserting the needle into the patient's tissue, you may inject a few drops of anesthetic solution at the penetration site without aspirating in order to increase patient comfort as you advance the needle toward the target. |
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Term
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Definition
| The most efficient type of syringe used to inject anesthetic solution into the periodontal ligament and thereby achieve complete anesthesia of a single tooth is ___ syringe. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: Low Pain Reaction/High Pain Threshold and High Pain Reaction/Low Pain Threshold |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: A burning feeling upon injection could be caused because the anesthetic cartridge had been left standing in alcohol. |
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Term
| Pain perception has little variability |
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Definition
| Pain ____ is the physical process of receiving a painful stimulus. There is (little/much) variability in pain perception between different individuals with intact nervous systems. |
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Term
| pain reaction is highly variable |
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Definition
| Pain ___ is a combination of interpretation and response to pain stimulus by an individual. It has (little/much) variability with regards to response times and response actions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ___ ___ acts as a gate of transmission from sensory to motor (response). |
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Term
| dorsal horn = sensory, ventral root = motor |
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Definition
| Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord at the ___ ___ and motor neurons leave at the ___ ___. |
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Term
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Definition
| Transmission cells (t cells) are found within the ___ ___. |
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Term
| Psychological factors "close the gate" by inhibiting T cell transmission. |
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Definition
| T cells help transmit impulses from sensory --> motor in the spinal cord. Psychological factors (inhibit/stimulate) T cells transmission. |
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Term
| Emotional stress and focusing on pain are psychological factors that can open the gate. Positive emotions, relaxation and intense concentration are psychological factors that can close the gate. |
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Definition
| Emotional stress and focusing on pain are psychological factors that can (open/close) the gate. Positive emotions, relaxation and intense concentration are psychological factors that can (open/close) the gate. |
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Term
| A heightened anxiety level |
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Definition
| Anginal attacks, seizures, asthma attacks, hypersensitive episodes, syncope, tachycardia and arrhythmias may be caused by ____. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ pain is emotional or psychological in origin and has NO organic basis. It originates wholly within one's mind and may be a deep neuroses that a patient may be unaware of. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ is an irrational, unreasonable or persistent fear of some particular thing/situation. |
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Term
| Remove cause for pain, block pathway of painful impulses, raising pin threshold, preventing pain reaction by cortical depression, iatrosedation |
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Definition
| What are the 5 pain control mechanisms? |
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Term
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Definition
| Avoidance and clinician correcting incorrect are examples of ______, which affects pain perception. |
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Term
| blocking pathway of painful impulses |
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Definition
| Local and topical anesthesia are examples of _____ which affects pain perception. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nitrous oxide, oxygen conscious sedation and NSAIDs are examples of _____ which affect pain reaction. |
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Term
| preventing pain reaction by cortical depression |
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Definition
| General anesthesia affects pain reaction and is an example of _____. |
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Term
| iatrosedation or using psychosomatic methods |
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Definition
| ___ affects both pain perception and pain reaction and includes any non-pharmacologic technique that reduces patient anxiety, builds trust and lets patient feel more in control. Hypnosis, explaining procedure, allowing patient to express concerns and using relaxation or distraction techniques are examples. |
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Term
| Breech loading, metallic, cartridge-type, aspirating |
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Definition
| Which type of syringe is most commonly used in dentistry? |
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Term
| False! Metal is the most commonly used. Plastic tends to become brittle after numerous autoclavings. |
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Definition
| T/F: Breech loading, plastic, cartdige-type aspirating syringes are most commonly used in dental offices. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: Breech loading, metallic, cartridge-type SELF-aspirating syringes are designed to increase ease of aspiration and permits multiple aspirations throughout the injection. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ syringes are used with PDL injections to chaieve pulpal anesthesia of an isolated tooth. It is also known as intra-ligamentary or ILI injections. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ____ are needle-less injections used primarily to obtain topic anesthesia prior to needle injection. Many patients dislike sensation as well as post-injection soreness. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ syringes are most often used for IM and IV drug administration but may also be used for intraoral injections. There is a non-aspirating tip, but can aspirate with 2 hands and does not accept dental anesthetic cartridges. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ syringes have a sheath that locks over the needle when removed from the tissue. It is designed to be single use, but re-injection is possible while negating safety aspect. |
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Term
| The Wand! (A computer controlled delivery system) |
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Definition
| The ___ was designed to improve ergonomics (light, fingertip accuracy, penlike grasp). Because of pen-grasp you may use bi-digital rotation to minimize needle deflection. |
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Term
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Definition
| Which part of the injection armamentarium is made of stainless steel, platinum, iridium-platinum or ruthenium-platinum alloys? |
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Term
| (From tip to cartridge) Bevel, shaft, hub, syringe adaptor, cartridge-penetration end |
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Definition
| Make sure you can identify the parts of a needle! |
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Term
| 25 = short, 40 = long (or 20 and 32) |
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Definition
| ___ mm is the average short needle and ___ mm is the average long needle. |
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Term
| gauge, the lower the number the larger the gauge |
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Definition
| The needle's ____ is the diameter of the lumen and the (lower/higher) the number, the larger the diameter of the lumen. |
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Term
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Definition
| The following describe a large or small gauge needle? Less deflection, greater accuracy, needle breakage less likely, aspiration easier and more reliable |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ gauge is preferred for all injections posing risk of positive aspirations. ___ gauge is non recommended. ___ gauge can be used for all other injections provided aspiration % is low and tissue thickness is not great. |
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Term
| It depends on the size of the bubble! If it's small it is a bubble of nitrogen gas introduced by the manufacturer to eliminate any O2 from the solution, but if it is a large bubble you should discard the cartridge. |
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Definition
| T/F: A bubble in the cartridge is OK. |
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Term
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Definition
| An overheated cartridge, a cartridge left in alcohol, or the low pH of the drug/vasopressor or expired solution may cause ___ upon injection. |
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Term
| False! Most emergency situations arise during administration of anesthesia or within the first 5 minutes following the injection. |
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Definition
| T/F: Most emergency situations arise during administration of anesthesia or within the last ten minutes of the appointment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Topical anesthesia should remain in contact with tissue for ___ minute(s) or a minimum of __ minute(s) |
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Term
| 2 minutes, but no less than 1 minute |
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Definition
| Ideally it should take ___ minute(s) to deposit a full cartridge. |
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Term
| 1. type of anesthesia, 2. vasoconstrictor used, 3. volume in mL or # of carpules, 4. type of injection given, 5. patient reaction (physical/behavioral) |
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Definition
| What should you record in the patient's chart following the administration of local anesthesia? |
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