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Week 1 - History and Basic Concepts (9/1)
PA 501 Midterm Study Guide
5
Other
Graduate
10/25/2015

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Cards

Term
Externality
Definition
An effect that happens outside of an exchange. Example: the true pollution cost is not being paid by oil companies that profit from them, the public pays these costs.
Term
Elements of an organization
Definition
Environment - Regulatory, donors, public interests. Volatility in the environment as a point of analysis; unpredictability.

Strategy and goals - external and internal. Interrelated with the environment that you operate within

Work and technology

Formal organization - The way the org chooses to formally structure itself.

Informal organization - Culture; the norms that develop within an org. Informal sanctioning between employees ex. someone is too eager with their work and a coalition will calm them down.

People - What kind of people work at this organization?
Term
Bounded Rationality
Definition
Herbert Simon. We want to be rational but we are not. We “satisfice” - do the best with the information we have. Organizations help us make better decisions, or they can compound or mask them.
Term
Who Speaks for Us?
Definition
In the case of “Who Speaks for Us”, the president of the Board, Jack Parker, is trying to determine what stance the Marian House should take in an ethical dilemma that involves the organization and associated individuals, issues of government and the surrounding community
Term
What is the importance of organizations in our lives?
Definition
They are the dominant characteristic of most modern societies (Scott and Davis). Important because we think of them as:
-Ubiquitous, as omnipresent; this is a fallacy
-As source of social ills - Max Weber and death of creativity. Inevitable bureaucracy
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