Term
| 4 Anticonvulsants that cause weight gain |
|
Definition
Carbamazepine
Gabapentin,
Pregabalin,
Valproic acid, |
|
|
Term
| 1 Mood Stabilizers that causes weight gain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 Antidepressants that cause weight gain |
|
Definition
MAO inhibitors,
Mirtazapine,
SSRIs,
Tricyclics, |
|
|
Term
| 1 Antihistamine causing weight gain |
|
Definition
1st generation
Cettirizine |
|
|
Term
| 4 Antihypertensives causing weight gain |
|
Definition
α1 blockers,
Clonidine,
Methyldopa,
Minoxidil |
|
|
Term
| 5 Antipsychotics causing weight gain |
|
Definition
Chlorpromazine
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Quetiapine
Thioridazine |
|
|
Term
| 3 Hormones causing weight gain |
|
Definition
Corticosteroids,
Medroxyprogesterone,
Megestrol |
|
|
Term
| 4 Hypoglycemics causing weight gain |
|
Definition
Insulin,
Meglitinides,
Sulfonyureas,
thiazolidinediones |
|
|
Term
What occurs when the following drugs are taken, and what occurs when they are d/c: Amphetamine and other sympathomimetic appetite suppressants
Sibutramine (Meridia)
Orlistat (Xenical)? |
|
Definition
| FDA-Approved Prescription Drugs-Anorectic agents – suppress appetite: Once these drugs are stopped weight is usually regained |
|
|
Term
| What is the reported mean weight loss for 44-54 weeks of sibutramine? |
|
Definition
| 4.45 kg compared to placebo |
|
|
Term
| Trials examining effect of d/c sibutramine noted what weight regain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The following adverse effects are associated w/what drug: tolerance with continued use, physical dependence, hypertension, tachycardia, insomnia, agitation? |
|
Definition
| Methamphetamine (C-II)/Sympathomimetic Agents |
|
|
Term
| Besides methamphetamine (C-II), what are 3 other sympathomimetic agents with similar properties and restrictions |
|
Definition
Phentermine (Adipex-P, lonamin) C-IV,
Diethylpropion (Tenuate) C-IV,
Phendimetrazine (Bontril) C-III |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA of Sibutramine (Meridia) C-IV? |
|
Definition
MOA: Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor;
Similar to venlafaxine (Effexor), an antidepressant |
|
|
Term
| For what use is Sibutramine (Meridia) C-IV indicated? |
|
Definition
| Indicated for weight loss in obese patients in conjunction with a reduced-calorie diet and appropriate exercise |
|
|
Term
| The following are adverse effects of what drug: constipation, nausea, headache, insomnia, dry mouth? |
|
Definition
| Sibutramine (Meridia) C-IV |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA of orlistat? |
|
Definition
| MOA: reversible inhibitor of lipase enzymes in stomach and small intestine – fat absorption reduced by 30% |
|
|
Term
| For what use is Orlistat (Xenical) indicated? |
|
Definition
| Indicated for weight loss in obese patients in conjunction with a reduced-calorie diet and appropriate exercise |
|
|
Term
| How must diet be modified w/Orlistat (Xenical)? |
|
Definition
| Minimal absorption of drug. To be effective must be taken with reduced calorie diet with *no more than 30% in fat calories* |
|
|
Term
| The following adverse effects related to reduced fat absorption are associated w/what drug: oily spotting, flatulence, fecal urgency, and fatty stool. *Also fat soluble vitamin deficiency (A,D,E,K)*? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 2 drug interactions associated w/Orlistat (Xenical)? |
|
Definition
| Drug interactions: warfarin (elevated INR), cyclosporine (decreased absorption) |
|
|
Term
| What supplements must be taken w/Orlistat (Xenical)? |
|
Definition
| Supplement: take multivitamin 2 hrs before or after Xenical to replace fat soluble vitamins. psyllium w/ea dose may reduce gi ade |
|
|
Term
| What is the dose and cost for orlistat: xenical vs. ali? |
|
Definition
| xenical: 120 mg w/meals containing fat adn $260/mo; alli: 60 mg w/meals containing fat and $70/mo |
|
|
Term
| How much did orlistat pts lose w/orlistat vs placebo? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is the Drug of choice for overweight diabetes patients because of either no weight gain or some modest weight loss? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is a First line hypoglycemic agent for Type 2 diabetes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is an Antidepressant and smoking cessation agent? |
|
Definition
| Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban) |
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss Demonstrated weight loss in several RDBPC trials using 300-400mg per day over 6 months? |
|
Definition
| Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban) |
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is an Antiepileptic agent with serotonergic and dopaminergic effects? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss demonstrated Short term weight loss seen in epileptic trials compared to placebo with
Adverse effects similar to topiramate, plus is sulfa drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is an Antiepileptic agent, with
Weight loss potentially due to GI adverse effects such as nausea and taste aversion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss Also causes paresthesias, ataxia, kidney stones, metabolic acidosis? Cost? |
|
Definition
| Topiramate (Topamax) cost is $50/mo |
|
|
Term
What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is an Antiepileptic agent that is
Considered weight neutral but some reports of weight loss? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss has effects Most likely due to anorexia? What is the cost? |
|
Definition
| Levetiracetam (Keppra). $200/mo |
|
|
Term
What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is Being offered in weight loss clinics, pushed on infomercials with
No evidence for weight loss in scientific literature? |
|
Definition
| Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) |
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is the First of new class of drugs for diabetes called incretin mimetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is a Synthetic version of molecule isolated from Gila monster saliva? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss Stimulates GLP-1 receptors to release insulin from pancreas and slow stomach emptying time? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss had Weight loss observed in diabetic trials, in particular with metformin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss shows Common adverse effects that include nausea and vomiting and comes in a
Daily SC injection at a cost of @230 per autoinject pen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is a Synthetic amylin analog for diabetics already requiring insulin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Prescription Drugs Being Used “Off-Label” for Weight Loss is dosed 240 mcg SC TID and is associated with 3.7% weight loss in 204 non-insulin using obese patients (mean BMI = 38) over 10 weeks? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 3 weight loss drugs that have been taken off the market? |
|
Definition
Dexfenfluramine (Redux),
Fenfluramine (Pondimin)
Both were the “Fen” in Phen-Fen (Phen = phentermine),
Phenylpropanolamine (Dexatrim) |
|
|
Term
| What are 2 weight loss drugs that have been taken off the market b/c they were associated w/valvular heart disease? |
|
Definition
Dexfenfluramine (Redux),
Fenfluramine (Pondimin)
Both were the “Fen” in Phen-Fen (Phen = phentermine) serotonin release and reuptake inhibitors |
|
|
Term
| What weight loss drug has been taken off the market b/c it Increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke seen in patients using PPA in dietary supplements? |
|
Definition
| Phenylpropanolamine (Dexatrim) |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 natural weight loss products Marketed as thermogenic (‘fat-burning’) agents that the fda has limited regulatory control over b/c they are dietary supplements? What are their active ingredients? |
|
Definition
Ma-huang (ephedra) – contains ephedrine and PPA;
Mixed acting adrenergic agonist,
Bitter orange – contains synephrine (sympathomimetic);
Causes drug interactions similar to grapefruit juice,
Country mallow or heartleaf – contains ephedra |
|
|
Term
| What natural weight loss dietary supplement Causes drug interactions similar to grapefruit juice (cyp3a4 enzymes in gut)? |
|
Definition
| Bitter orange – contains synephrine (sympathomimetic); common replacement for ephedra |
|
|
Term
| What is an Experimental Drug for Weight Loss? |
|
Definition
| Rimonabant (Acomplia in Europe) |
|
|
Term
| What weight loss drug has the following adverse effects: compared to placebo, doubles the rate of psychiatric effects such as depression, mood disorder, anxiety, and insomnia (seems to block pleasure as well as cravings)? |
|
Definition
| Rimonabant (Acomplia in Europe) |
|
|
Term
What weight loss drug is being Studied for both weight loss and smoking cessation
Also has decreased waist circumference and triglyceride levels, and increased HDL cholesterol levels? |
|
Definition
| Rimonabant (Acomplia in Europe) |
|
|
Term
| How much was spent on prescription diet drugs vs. herbal and supplemental diet drugs? |
|
Definition
| $459 million vs. $20 billion on herbal supplement/diet drugs |
|
|
Term
| What is the #1 diet weight loss drug in the country, found in guarana, green tea extract, yerba mate, kola nut, and trimethylxanthine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What natural product is theorized to inhibit production of lipis but clinical trail in JAMA showed no effect on weight? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what class do the following MOA of agents for weight loss fall: adrenergic, serotonergic, incretin mimetics, amylin analogs, cannabinoid receptor antagonists, leptin analogues? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what class do the following MOA of agents for weight loss fall: decrease fat absorption, metformin-like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what class do the following MOA of agents for weight loss fall: phosphodiesterase inhibitors, b3-receptor agonists, thyroid stimulants? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 4 FDA-approved anorexiant drugs w/short-term use? |
|
Definition
| methamphetamine (schedule II), phendimetrazine (schedule III), diethylpropion (schedule IV), phentermine (schedule IV) |
|
|
Term
| What is the only FDA-approved anorexiant drugs w/long-term use? |
|
Definition
| sibutramine (schedule IV) |
|
|
Term
| For what use was sibutramine (meridia) originally developed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What weight loss drug is metabolized by cyp3a4 enzyme to active metabolites which are then eliminated by kidneys? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are contraindications/precautions of sibutramine (meridia)? |
|
Definition
| hx of poorly controlled/uncontrolled htn, cad, arrhythmia, stroke. precautions: renal impairment, depression. |
|
|
Term
| Is orlistat approved for long or short term use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the best result for trials of sibutramine for weight loss? |
|
Definition
| sibutramine plus lifestyle modification: 12.1 kg |
|
|
Term
| For how long did randomized orlistat or placebo plus lifestyle changes trials last? |
|
Definition
| 4 yrs: 800 kcal/day deficit diet |
|
|
Term
| The following are ade of antidiabetic agent: gi cramping, potential for lactic acidosis w/high plasma levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What off-label use of antidiabetic agents for weight loss has the following ade: n/v, hypoglycemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the cost for pramlintide (symlin)? |
|
Definition
| cost $260 for 2 autoinject pens |
|
|
Term
| What drug is contraindicated if hx of *sulfa allergy*? What is the cost? |
|
Definition
| zonisamide (zonegran; cost $80/mo) |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA of bupropion? |
|
Definition
| inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine |
|
|
Term
| What drugs theoretically should have anorexiant effect by increasing synaptic serotonin levels w/short-term weight loss apparent but tolerance develops quickly after several mos? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What off-label use of misc agents for weight loss involves popular use in weight loss clinics w/no evidence for weight loss in scientific literature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What off-label use of misc agents for weight loss promotes fat loss in GH-deficient children w/no evidence of efficacy in obese individuals that may increase insulin resistance? |
|
Definition
| rHGH- recombinant human growth hormone |
|
|
Term
| What are the risks of ephedra-containing dietary supplements such as ephedra, ma-huang, and country mallow? |
|
Definition
| increased risk of stroke, mi, seizure, and death in particular w/higher doses or in combo w/caffeine |
|
|
Term
| How does the fda get dietary supplements off the market? |
|
Definition
| must *prove* they cause harm to get them OFF the market |
|
|
Term
| How are most natural products marketed? |
|
Definition
| *thermogenic* or "fat-burning agents" |
|
|
Term
| What other natural product may reduce glucose and lipid levels but not weight? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What other natural product does not convert to testosterone like dhea but may increase thyroid levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the moa of caffeine? |
|
Definition
| inhibits phosphodiesterase leading to increased levels of intracellular c-AMP |
|
|
Term
| What are the pharmacokinetics for caffeine? |
|
Definition
| metabolized by cyp 1a2 w/ t1/2 = 3-5hrs |
|
|
Term
| What are ade of caffeine? |
|
Definition
| dose-related: insomnia, restlessness, irritability, anxiety, tachycardia, extra systoles, mild diuresis; severe: seizures, arrythmias |
|
|
Term
| What are drug interactions for caffeine? |
|
Definition
| drugs that induce (nicoteine, aeds) or inhibit (*cipro*, cimetidine) cyp1a2 enzymes |
|
|
Term
| What is a south african plant made famous by 60 minutes episode w/no clinical efficacy trials- concerns about hepatotoxicity, contaminated products? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What drug is a Selective inhibitor of CB1 endocannabinoid receptor that was
Studied for both weight loss and smoking cessation and
Also has decreased waist circumference and triglyceride levels, and increased HDL cholesterol levels? |
|
Definition
| rimonabant (accomplia in europe) |
|
|
Term
| What drug has the following ade: compared to placebo, doubles the rate of psychiatric effects such as depression, mood disorder, anxiety, and insomnia (seems to block pleasure as well as cravings)? |
|
Definition
| rimonabant (accomplia in europe) |
|
|
Term
| What experimental drug for weight loss involves a hormone secreted by fat cells that inhibits feeding and increases energy expenditure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What experimental drug for weight loss shows obese individuals that appear resistant to agent as monotherapy? |
|
Definition
|
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