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Definition
coined the term "spinal irritation"
said vertebrae tenderness corresponded to diseased organ. |
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irritation of spinal nerves alters fx and structure.
encouraged manipulation. |
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Definition
1. inflammation=result of any displacement.
2. luxation on bones causes disease
3. renwick adjusted; nervous system manages circulatory system
4. innate
5. vibratory theory added. "rack" bones to normal position; BOP!! |
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Definition
| adjusted by dd, caused dd to hypothesize nervous controlled circulatory. |
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Definition
| wrote stuff before palmer. rejected BOP. suggested jt fixation. |
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Definition
| langworthy. precursor of sdf. |
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Definition
| meric system based on spinal nerves |
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| bj's 4 subluxation criteria: |
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Definition
1. v misalignment
2. occlusion of foramen
3. nerve pressure
4. interference of mental impulse transmission |
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Term
| bj thought which bones were subluxated? which caused pressure? |
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Definition
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Definition
| scientific research about chiro |
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Term
| marcel and gellet and illi |
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Definition
| revitalized no joint motion theory. strained capsule. |
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Definition
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Definition
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| why is chiropractic a paradigm and who said it |
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Definition
| coulter; some ignore the things that challenge palmerism |
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Term
| what spot is the mediating variable in? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
sdf=fixation
sdf=mediating variable
adjust=independent
improvement in pain=dependent. |
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Term
| what does sdf do according to leach? |
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Definition
| decreased mobility, altered pressure threshold, taut muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased rom, point tenderness, abnormal paraspinal contracture |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased threshold for firing at a segment due to afferent bomardment associated with spinal lesionsr |
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Term
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Definition
| fast, myelinated thickly, big, not in skin, proprio/kinesthesia |
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Term
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Definition
| medium, thick myelin, fast, a-b in skin, proprio/mechanic |
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Term
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Definition
| small, thin, slow, a-delta, mechanic/temp/nociception |
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Definition
| smallest, no myelin, slowest, C fibers, mechanic/temp/nociception and PAIN |
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Term
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Definition
| myelinated, innervate force muscles, big, fast |
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Term
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Definition
| outer fibers (collagen), inward: subsynovia (fat, blood, lymph), synovial intima |
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Term
| which fibers respond to change in facets? what kind of changes are they? |
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Definition
chemical and mechanical
2, 3, 4 |
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Definition
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Definition
| primary; respond to stretch, rate, and magnitude of change in length |
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Term
| afferents to Ia muscle receptors? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| golgi tendon. muscle tension and decreased force. silent at rest. |
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Term
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Definition
| change in tension/change in length |
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Term
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Definition
| secondary muscle spindles. respond to stretch and INHIBITED by contraction. |
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Term
| II muscle receptor. what happens at impulse? |
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Definition
| resting discharge increased |
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Term
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Definition
| vertebral body, ivd, ALL and PLL |
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Term
| posterior muscle segment=? |
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Definition
| sp, pedicle, lamina, facets, flavum, post. paraspinal |
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Term
| theory I of facet dysfunction |
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Definition
| due to ligament and capsule instability, foraminal encroachment, and synovial fold bends |
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Term
| theory II of facet dysfunction |
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Definition
| degenerative chane in joint and meniscal incarceration |
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Term
| theory III of facet dysfunction |
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Definition
| joint effusion w/capsular distention |
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Term
| theory IV of facet dysfuntion |
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Definition
| joint effusion with direct diffusion as cause of nerve root pain. |
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Term
| theory V of facet dysfunction |
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Definition
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Term
| theory VI of facet dysfunction |
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Definition
| z-joint meniscoid w/important structures, possibly causing chronic SDF. |
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Term
| effects of trapped meniscoid |
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Definition
1. joint capsule tension (increased mechanoreceptor activity leads to increased nociception leads to decreased pain threshold)
2. capsular adhesion
3. biochemical alteration
4. degenerative changes |
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Term
| describe capsular adhesion in effects of trapped meniscoid |
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Definition
| secoindary to joint hypomobility; ct growth around joint |
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Term
| describe biochemical alteration in effects of trapped meniscoid |
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Definition
| GAG lost from cartilage and ligament of joint in question |
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Term
| describe degenerative changes of effecs of trapped meniscoid |
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Definition
| abnormal stress--> bone loss and increased hypomobility |
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Term
| which cells affected in Korr's facilitated zone? What do they do? |
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Definition
ant and lat horn AND efferent pain
become hypersensitive |
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Term
| what do muscle spindles do to contraction |
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Definition
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Term
| how does cns deal with lazy muscles? |
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Definition
| muscle spindle adjusted during extrafusal contraction and adusts gamma motor neuron |
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Term
| so cns is adjusting to muscle slack. then what? |
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Definition
| gain is set too high-->spasm. |
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Term
| in korr's model, the gain set too high leads to what two things |
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Definition
| resist-->spasm, and golgi tendon organs inhibit alpha and gamma motor neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| no. stretching muscle is all you need |
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Definition
cord necessary for fixation but cerebellum isn't. it's caused by central or peripheral input to segments.
hindleg flexion! |
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Term
| in patterson-steinmetz, how do you prevent neural scarring? |
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Definition
| don't wait to find fixation |
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Term
| what did wells say was his conclusion of patterson-steinmetz? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| slow-twitch fibers (postural) shorten in sdf from overuse. sdf increases sensory discharge via 1a alpha to contract same muscle; altered joint movement results. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| mood regulation, pain, nociception, stress, nausea, stimulates cell growth, vasodilates, reverses diabetes in mice. |
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Term
| what kills proteoglycans? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
histamine causes depletion of atp which makes muscle never reset
decreased blood makes somato-somato resopnse which leads to more histamine and more sensitization
self-perpetuating for joints and/or muscles |
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Term
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Definition
Evans. fixation of joint and receptor tonus.
minimum E used when spine is in equilibrium. |
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Term
| punjabi. what are paraspinal m. in? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does multifidus affect |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| upper trap, levator scap, scalenes, subocciputal, extensors, internal shoulder rotators |
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Term
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Definition
| neck flexors, mid and low trap, rhomboid |
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Term
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Definition
| ql, hammies, gastroc, psoas, extensors, piriformis |
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