Term
What were the origins of the Kellogg-Briand Act? What did it outlaw?
29.1 |
|
Definition
| Multi nation treaty sponsored by Am and Fr leaders that outlawed war. |
|
|
Term
What was the role of veterans groups in Europe in the 1920s?
29.2 |
|
Definition
| played role in political dev of Eu w/ veterans joining groups on the far right that demanded more authoritarian governments |
|
|
Term
Characterize the economy of Europe during the roaring 20s
What was not?
29.3 |
|
Definition
A) Industrial production boomed.
B) New artistic movements began in Europe and spread across the Western world.
C) Mass consumption standards, based on ready availability of new products, rose.
E) The worst inflationary pressures were resolved, though at the cost of wiping out the value of savings for
many propertied groups.
NOt: D) The United States lagged behind the European nations in both industrial production and mass
consumption. |
|
|
Term
Where in Western Europe was women’s suffrage not granted in the decade after WWII?
29.4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What revenue actions did governments take at the outset of the depression in 1929 to try to improve the economy?
29.5 |
|
Definition
National tariffs were
raised to keep out the
goods of their countries |
|
|
Term
What was the New Deal?
29.6 |
|
Definition
| President Franklin Roosevelt's program to combat economic depression |
|
|
Term
How did Roosevelt use the power of the state to combat the depression?
29.7 |
|
Definition
| programs to combat economic depression enacted a number of social insurance measures and used the government spending to stimulate the economy; increased power of the state and the state's intervention in the U.S. social and economic life. |
|
|
Term
What factors led to the rise of fascism in Germany?
What did not?
29.8 |
|
Definition
A) Treaty arrangements that forced Germany to accept the blame for World War I
B) The recent and shaky tradition of parliamentary government
D) The rise of leaders such as Hitler
E) The impact of the depression
NOt:C) The division of Germany into zones of occupation by the victorious Allies in World War I |
|
|
Term
When did the fascist take power in Italy?
29.9 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What were the key components of Hitler’s political program?
29.10 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What happened to the Nazi party in the German election of 1932?
29.11 |
|
Definition
| Nazis won the largest share of votes but failed to achieve majority |
|
|
Term
Why was Hitler’s government defined as totalitarian?
29.12 |
|
Definition
| He had direct control over all aspects of his subjects |
|
|
Term
Describe Hitler’s economic plan
29.13 |
|
Definition
| helped restore production levels emphasizing armament construction |
|
|
Term
What impact did WW II have on European colonies and their political status?
29.14 |
|
Definition
The war drew in
laborers from the
colonies. decolonizations |
|
|
Term
What crisis came about in 1956 in the Middle East that symbolized Europe’s diminished status as a global power?
29.15 |
|
Definition
| Efforts by Fr and Brit to attack Egypt for suez canal ended by Russia and US |
|
|
Term
How did Algeria gain independence in 1962?
29.16 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How did Vietnam win initial independence in 1954?
29.17 |
|
Definition
| They defeated Fr at battle of DienBienPhu |
|
|
Term
What concept did the U.S. depend on to halt any Soviet advance in Western Europe?
29.18 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which WW II nations developed nuclear weapons?
29.19 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Define “resistance thinking”
29.20 |
|
Definition
| A search for dramatic new ideas fro previous problems in Eu esp. in econ and soc democracy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a new type of bureau trained in the sciences or economy and devoted to the power of national planning; rose to prominence in gov after WW2 |
|
|
Term
Who was betty friedman?
29.42 |
|
Definition
| Author of the feminine mystique |
|
|
Term
Who was John Keynes, what ideas was he known for?
29.43 |
|
Definition
| He was a brit economist who stressed the importance of gov spending to compensate for loss of purchasing pwr during depression. Influenced the new deal in the US |
|
|
Term
| How was the federal republic of Germany formed? |
|
Definition
| It was created by merging fr, brit, and Am, occupation zones. |
|
|
Term
What upset the parliamentary systems and the welfare state in the 1960s?
29.30 |
|
Definition
| Protests on college campuses in Eu and US |
|
|
Term
What person’s election marked a return to conservatism in Europe?
29.32 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How was NATO “comfortable” for its European members?
29.21 |
|
Definition
| They relied on US protection |
|
|
Term
Describe U.S. military spending between the 1950s-1980s
29.22 |
|
Definition
| regardless of party the % of US budget going to the milit remained stable |
|
|
Term
Describe the post-WW II constitutions that were developed in Europe
29.23 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How did the welfare state develop in post war Europe?
29.25 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What programs were typical in European welfare states?
29.26 |
|
Definition
| medical programs and econ planning |
|
|
Term
How effective was the welfare state in terms of the class system
29.27 |
|
Definition
| It did not make a huge dent in W Eu unequal class sys |
|
|
Term
How did the government’s economic policies parallel the welfare state?
29.28 |
|
Definition
| it increased roles in econ policy |
|
|
Term
Define the Green movement
29.31 |
|
Definition
| Political movement and party that arose in several western European nations in the 1970s that opposed unfettered free market economies and unchecked industrial pollution. It was a new political concern. |
|
|
Term
What signaled a trend toward conservatives in the U.S.?
29.33 |
|
Definition
| The election of a Republican Congressional majority in 1994 |
|
|
Term
Which nations was part of the initial European Economic Community?
Not?
29.34 |
|
Definition
Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and West Germany.
not:Britian |
|
|
Term
What was a currency goal of the European Economic Community?
29.35 |
|
Definition
| The goal of the EEC was to eliminate internal tariffs and encourage the free movement of money, goods, services, and labor. They also wanted a common currency. |
|
|
Term
Describe the European economy of the post-1950s
29.36 |
|
Definition
Overall growth in gross
national product surpassed
the rates of any extended
period since the industrial
revolution began |
|
|
Term
What traits were characteristic of a typical European economy after 1950?
29.37 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What factors led to an economic slowdown in the 1970s?
29.38 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What happened to the European peasantry in the late 20th century?
29.39 |
|
Definition
| Decreased in size and became increasingly commercialized |
|
|
Term
What was the fastest growing sector of the labor force in the West following WW II?
29.40 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What rights were not achieved by women in the west by the late 20th century?
29.41 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What did African and Asian nationalists rely on in their struggle for independence?
33.1 |
|
Definition
| peaceful mass demonstration, economic boycott, and constitutional maneuvers |
|
|
Term
In what type of colonies did violence most occur in the process of decolonization?
33.2 |
|
Definition
| in colonial societies with settler populations |
|
|
Term
What made colonial regimes particularly vulnerable to challenges from within?
33.3 |
|
Definition
| the fact that colonial governments were built in collaboration with indigenous elite groups |
|
|
Term
in What nation did nationalistic independence movements pave the way for patterns of decolonization and European retreat throughout the world?
33.4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What was the Indian national congress and how was it formed?
33.5 |
|
Definition
| in 1885 regional associations of W. educated Indians formed the Indian Nat Congr |
|
|
Term
What was the Indian national congress and how was it formed?
33.5 |
|
Definition
| in 1885 regional associations of W. educated Indians formed the Indian Nat Congr |
|
|
Term
How did early Congress Party in India relate to their British rulers?
33.6 |
|
Definition
| It was loyal to the British rulers and primarily concerned with interests of the Indian elite. |
|
|
Term
How was the Indian National budget used in terms of spending priorities under British rule?
not?
33.7 |
|
Definition
Large budget went to cover the expenses of the huge army
Not:high salaries and pensions of British administrators. |
|
|
Term
What were the Indian cash crops?
Not?
33.8 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the first Indian leader with a genuine mass following |
|
|
Term
What did the radical wing of the Congress Party under Tilak propose?
33.10 |
|
Definition
| an appeal to conservative Hinduism, including boycotts of British goods, full independence, use of Hindu festivals as opportunities for rallies, opposition to women's education |
|
|
Term
How did western educated moderates gain power in Congress in India?
33.11 |
|
Definition
| Tilak's removal and the repression campaigns against terrorists, along with British reforms |
|
|
Term
How is Egypt unique In the colonized world in terms of nationalism?
33.12 |
|
Definition
| emergence of nationalism preceded European conquest |
|
|
Term
Why did British colonization of Egypt mean double colonization for the Egyptian people?
33.13 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What group in Egypt did not benefit from British economic reforms?
33.14 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Before WW I what was the main difference between Egyptian and Indian nationalist movements?
33.15 |
|
Definition
| In India a single political party dominated the nationalist movement, but in Egypt a variety of rival parties proliferated. |
|
|
Term
What was the Dinshawai incident and what impact did it have?
33.16 |
|
Definition
| British officers hunting pigeons accidentally shot the wife of a Muslim prayer leader and were subsequently assaulted. |
|
|
Term
What was the connection between the Dinshawai incident and the Ayan allegiance?
33.17 |
|
Definition
| Mass support, including the emergence of ayan allegiance, for the national cause grew in Egypt. |
|
|
Term
What economic impact did WW I have on British policy in India?
33.18 |
|
Definition
| Contrary to long-standing colonial policy, the British encouraged expansion of industrial production in India. |
|
|
Term
What did Indian nationalists like Ghandi and Tilak do to support the British war effort during WW I?
33. |
|
Definition
sell war bonds to
finance the war
effort |
|
|
Term
What did the Rowlatt Act of 1919 do?
33.20 |
|
Definition
placed severe restrictions on key
Indian civil rights |
|
|
Term
How and why was Ghandi able to be so effective in terms of his understanding of his western colonizers?
33.21 |
|
Definition
| He was a Westem-educated lawyer who combined a rather astute understanding of the British colonizers with the attributes of a traditional Hindu holy man. |
|
|
Term
What was it about Ghandi that attracted the masses to the Congress Party that the party had previously lacked in terms of its appeal?
33.23 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What was the Muslim League and what caused its formation in 1906?
33.24 |
|
Definition
| It represented the fears among some Muslims of Hindu domination and religious conservatism |
|
|
Term
What was the salt march, what was its impact, and when did it take place?
33.25 |
|
Definition
| In 1931, Gandhi renewed his civil disobedience to the British administration of India |
|
|
Term
What did the Government of India Act of 1935 call for?
33.26 |
|
Definition
| The british turned the provincial governments over to Indian leaders who were chosen by an expanded electorate. |
|
|
Term
What authority was claimed by Britain and France that allowed them to create mandates in the Middle East, despite their promises of Arab independence?
33.27 |
|
Definition
| under the auspices of the League of Nations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Jewish aspirations to return to an ancient homeland in Palestine. |
|
|
Term
What happened in Egypt after Egyptian representatives were refused a hearing at the Versailles negotiations following WW I?
33.29 |
|
Definition
| rebellion broke out in Egypt. |
|
|
Term
Characterize the success of the nationalist governments in Egypt following the British withdrawal in 1936
33.30 |
|
Definition
| The nationalist party governments did little to relieve the misery of the Egyptian peasantry and used the opportunity to rule for personal enrichment. |
|
|
Term
Where did the early leadership in pan-African nationalist movements initially come from?
33.31 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What was the Atlantic Charter and what was the significant wording in it that inspired nationalist movements in the colonial world?
33.32 |
|
Definition
| document during World War II "right of all people to choose the form of government under which they live." |
|
|
Term
Compare the Muslim Leagues response to British involvement in WW II to that of the Indian Congress Party.
33.33 |
|
Definition
| Congress opposed the war effort and its leaders were jailed, but the Muslim League rallied to the British cause. |
|
|
Term
Which nationalist party in India were the British most closely allied with?
33.34 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How did Britain attempt to solve the division between Muslims and Hindus in India in 1947?
33.35 |
|
Definition
| The British decided to divide India into two nations--a Muslim Pakistan and a secular, but Hindu-dominated, India. |
|
|
Term
What was unique about the struggle for independence in the Philippines?
33.36 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
By what decade had European colonization in most of sub-Saharan Africa come to an end?
33.37 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In what types of African colonies was the process of decolonization most violent?
33.38 |
|
Definition
| those with large numbers of white settlers |
|
|
Term
Who was Jomo Kenyatta?
33.39 |
|
Definition
| leader of the largest nationalist party |
|
|
Term
Describe decolonization in Algeria
33.40 |
|
Definition
| Decolonization in Algeria was violent, as white settlers resisted independence through the OAS supported by powerful elements within the French military. |
|
|
Term
What happened in South Africa as other African nations were in the process of decolonization?
33.41 |
|
Definition
| white settlers able to retain their position of supremacy |
|
|
Term
What did the Afrikaner National Party establish in South Africa after independence?
33.42 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Why did the Zionists turn violent towards the British following WW II?
33.43 |
|
Definition
| British attempts to limit immigration to the Middle East. |
|
|
Term
Describe the chronology of the creation of the state of Israel in 1948
NOT:
33.44 |
|
Definition
| NOT:The United States supported the creation of Israel in 1948, but the Soviet Union opposed its formation |
|
|
