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WI Gross Lab Midterm
Bastyr Winter Quarter Gross Lab Midterm Vocabulary and Concepts
72
Anatomy
Graduate
02/14/2013

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Cards

Term
What A/V travel with the Phrenic Nerve?
Definition
Pericardiophrenic Artery and Vein
Term
What nerve runs on top of the scalene muscles? What kind of fibers does this nerve contain?
Definition
Phrenic

Contains motor, sensory, and sympathetic nerve fibers
Term
What vertebra does the descending aorta run along?
Definition
T5-T12
Term
Space between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium
Definition
Pericardial cavity
Term
Space posterior to the pulmonary trunk and aorta but anterior to the superior vena cava
Definition
transverse pericardial sinus
Term
Space posterior to the heart until the reflections of the serous pericardium superiorly
Definition
Oblique pericardial sinus
Term
A vertical ridge of muscle that connects the pectinate muscles
Definition
crista terminalis
Term
External line/space between ventricles
Definition
Interventricular Septum
Term
Delicate tendons that pass from the valve cusps to the apices of the papillary muscles
Definition
Chordae Tendinae
Term
Course of the vagus nerve
Definition
In the carotid sheath between and posterior to the vessels; Passes posterior to the root of the lung

Right vagus crosses anterior surface of the right subclavian, while the left crosses the left side of the arch of the aorta and contribute to the left esophageal plexus
Term
Boundaries of the posterior triangle
Definition
sternocleidomastoid, clavicle and trapezius
Term
Platysma O & I (superior and inferior attachment)
Definition
Superior attachment: the mandible, skin of the cheek, angle of the mouth, and orbicularis oris muscle

Inferior Attachment: Superficial fascia of the deltoid and pectoral regions
Term
External Jugular Vein Source and Course
Definition
Source- retromandibular and posterior auricular veins

Course- Begins posterior to the angle of the mandible and crosses the superficial surface of the SCM, dumps into the subclavian vein.
Term
What constitutes the cervical plexus?
Definition
Ventral rami of C1-4
Term
What are the nerves of the cervical plexus?
Definition
Great auricular n, lesser occipital n, transverse cervical n, supraclavicular n
Term
Course of the lesser occipital
Definition
Parallels the posterior border of the SCM as it passes superiorly. Supplies the part of the scalp that is immediately behind the ear.
Term
Course and supply of the Great Auricular
Definition
Crosses the superficial surface of the SCM parallel to the external jugular vein. Supplies the skin of the lower part of the ear, the skin over the parotid gland, and an area of skin extending from the angle of the mandible to the mastoid process.
Term
Course and Supply of the Transverse Cervical Nerve
Definition
Passes transversely across the SCM and neck. supplies the skin of the anterior triangle of the neck. May have been dissected with platysma.
Term
Course and Supply of the Supraclavicular Nerves
Definition
Pass inferiorly to innervate the skin of the shoulder. Medial, intermediate, and lateral branches.
Term
Anterior triangle and boundaries
Definition
Median plane of the neck, SCM, and the inferior border of the mandible
Term
4 muscles that are named by their O & I's
Definition
Omohyoid (has 2 bellies; superior and inferior)

Sternohyoid

Thyrohyoid

Superior and Inferior Bellies of Omohyoid
Term
Ansa cervicalis (loop in the neck)
Definition
Innervates three of the four infrahyoid muscles (omohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid); is tightly adhered to the internal jugular vein located deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscles
Term
Internal and External Branches of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve
Definition
- internal branch passes through the thyrohyoid membrane and supplies sensory fibers to the mucosa of the larynx and vocal fold.

The external branch innervates the cricothyroid muscle
Term
Lingual and Facial Artery/Vein Courses
Definition
Lingual Artery/Vein arises from the anterior surface of the external carotid artery near the level of the greater horn of the hyoid bone. It passes deeply into the muscles of the tongue.

Coming off of the external carotid artery immediately after the lingual artery is the facial artery. It passes medial to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle and deep to the superficial part of the submandibular gland. The facial artery crosses the inferior border of the mandible to enter the face.

However, the common facial vein empties into the internal jugular vein.
Term
Right and left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Definition
Left recurrent loops around the arch of the aorta and ascends to the larynx.

Right recurrent loops around the right subclavian artery.
Term
Thoracic Duct Location
Definition
Between the azygos vein and the thoracic aorta, immediately left to the azygos vein and posterior to the esophagus.

Joins the junction of the left subclavian and left internal jugular vein.
Term
3 Vessels of the Carotid Sheath From Lateral To Medial
Definition
Internal Jugular, Vagus Nerve, Common Carotid
Term
3 branches of the thyrocervical trunk
Definition
transverse cervical artery

suprascapular artery

inferior thyroid artery
Term
Sympathetic Trunk Has Regional Names - Thoracic and Cervical
Definition
-
Term
Inferior attachment of scalene muscles
Definition
First Rib
Term
Lateral Nasal Cartilage
Definition
gives shape to the bridge of the nose
Term
Septal Cartilage
Definition
Makes a line down the center & top of the cartilage of the nose
Term
Alar Cartilages
Definition
Bilateral cartilage of the sides/nostrils
Term
Olfactory area
Definition
the mucosa near the cribriform plate which also extend down the lateral wall of the nasal cavity
Term
The mucosa near the cribriform plate which also extend down the lateral wall of the nasal cavity
Definition
Olfactory area
Term
Recess above the superior concha
Definition
Sphenoethmoidal recess
Term
Sphenoethmoidal recess
Definition
located above the superior concha
Term
Superior/middle/inferior meatus
Definition
Each meatus is inferior to its named concha
Term
pterygoid plates vs wings of sphenoid bone
Definition
Pterygoid plates are the smaller inferior "wings"
Term
horizontal vs perpendicular plates of palatine bone
Definition
Horizontal plates are the smaller ones that make up the palate of your mouth

The perpendicular plates run vertical and are much larger
Term
Semilunar Hiatus & The Frontal Sinus
Definition
Semilunar Hiatus - a curved slit in the middle meatus

Frontal Sinus - found within the semilunar hiatus
Term
Posterior nasal aperture & choana
Definition
Posteriorly, each nasal cavity opens into the nasopharynx through a choana
Term
Don't forget the Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, & Laryngopharynx
Definition
-
Term
Name of the folds on either side of the epiglottis
Definition
Aryepiglottic folds
Term
Cartilage "graduation ring"
Definition
Cricoid Cartilage
Term
Write out "Arytenoid Cartilages"
Definition
-
Term
Cricothyroid Innervation and action
Definition
ONLY muscle of the larynx that is the... external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve; tenses the vocal folds
Term
Inferior laryngeal nerve (end of recurrent laryngeal n)
Definition
immediately deep to the mucosa of the piriform recess; at the level where the recurrent laryngeal nerve enters the larynx, the name changes to inferior laryngeal nerve. Innervates all of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid and provides sensory innervation to the mucosa inferior to the vocal folds
Term
Transverse Fibers of Arytenoid Muscle & Action
Definition
Superior to posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. Attaches to both arytenoid cartilages. Has transverse fibers and oblique fibers. Action: slides the arytenoid cartilages together (adduction of the vocal folds)
Term
Cricoarytenoid Muscle (TELLS YOU) & Action
Definition
inferior attachment is the posteior surface of the lamina of the cricoid cartilage and its superior attachment is the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage.

Action: abduction of the vocal folds
Term
Ring around the vocal folds (SPELL IT BIIIITCH!!!)
Definition
Rima glottidis
Term
Infraglottic Cavity
Definition
inferior to the vocal folds and continuous with the trachea
Term
2 Neck Muscles
Definition
Longus colli

Longus capitis
Term
2 Neck Muscles
Definition
Longus colli

Longus capitis
Term
Be sure to include "Sympathetic chain AND ganglia" as part of your answer
Definition
-
Term
Bony landmarks of a thoracic vertebra (12)
Definition
body, vertebral arch (formed by the combination of pedicles and laminae), 2 pedicles, 2 laminae, vertebral foramen, 2 transverse processes, a transverse costal facet, spinous process, articular processes (superior and inferior), vertebral notches (superior and inferior), and costal facets (superior and inferior)
Term
Outermost thoracic membrane and what it attaches to
Definition
External intercostal membrane attaches to endothoracic fascia
Term
"Butterfly Muscle" attachments and action
Definition
Transversus thoracis

Inferior attachment is on the sternum; superior attachments are on costal cartilages 2-6.

Action: depresses the ribs
Term
Structures that pass through the thoracic inlet
Definition
Trachea, esophagus, vagus nerves, thoracic duct, major blood vessels
Term
Space that the lung sits in
Definition
Pleural Cavity
Term
Remember to specify right or left lung!
Definition
-
Term
3 parietal pleura
Definition
Diaphragmatic, Costal, and Mediastinal
Term
Recess of the ribs and diaphragm
Definition
Costodiaphragmatic recess
Term
2 fissures of the lungs & names of the 3 lobes
Definition
oblique (on both) & transverse

Superior, Middle, Inferior

DON'T FORGET TO SAY WHICH SIDE OF THE LUNG!
Term
Impressions R lung (4)
Definition
cardiac impression (right atrium), arch of the azygos vein, diaphragm, ribs
Term
Impressions on L lung (5)
Definition
arch of the aorta, descending aorta, cardiac impression, diaphragm, ribs
Term
What can happen in cases of mediastinal tumors or an aneurysm of the aortic arch
Definition
The left recurrent laryngeal nerve has a close relationship to the aortic arch and passes through the superior mediastinum. In cases of mediastinal tumors or an aneurysm of the aortic arch, the left recurrent laryngeal nerve may be compressed, resulting in paralysis of the left vocal fold and hoarseness.
Term
Pneumothorax
Definition
Air enters the pleural cavity and the lung collapses. Excess fluid may accumulate in the pleural cavity, compress the lung, and produce breathing difficulties. The fluid could be serous fluid (plural effusion) or blood resulting from trauma (hemothorax).
Term
Hemothorax
Definition
blood in the pleural cavity
Term
Cardiac Tamponade
Definition
Because the pericardium is composed of fibrous connective tissue, it cannot stretch, and fluids collected in the pericardial cavity compress the heart.
Term
Remnant of the foramen ovale
Definition
Fossa Ovalis
Term
Interscalene Triangle
Definition
Becomes clinically important with anatomical variations (additional muscular slips, an accessory cervical rib, or exostosis on the first rib) narrow the interval. As a result, the subclavian artery and/or roots of the brachial plexus may be compressed, resulting in ischemia or nerve dysfunction in the upper limb.
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