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| A form of an authoritarian government that was set up in Italy and Germany before WWII. the government in fascist states is totalitarian and nationalist |
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| In Italy, Benito Mussolini, or Il Duce ("the leader") came to power in 1922. Mussolini created fascist government. Fascist governments are opposed to democracy, are extrememly nationalistic, and rely on military and police power to maintain absolute control. They control all media and use propoganda to promote the ideals of the state. Soon, there were fascist parties based on Mussolini's system in many countries. |
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| In the Soviet Union, Josef Stalin took over as the leader of the communist party after the death of Lenin, the leader of the 1917 Revolution. Stalin "the man of steel," was a ruthless and cruel leader leader whose agricultural and econimic policies caused the death of millions of soviet workers. Under his leadership, the soviet union became a totalitarian state, with every aspect of people's lives controlled by the communist party. |
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| In 1936, General Francisco Franco and his falange (fascist) followers led an attack on Spain's government. The result was a civil between the elected socialist government and the rebel forces on General Franco, with military support from Hitler and Mussolini, won the war and became ruler of Spain. |
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| Since 1923, Hitler and his followers had been gathering supprt by criticizing the weak German government and the humiliating terms of the Treaty of Versailles. It was the Depression however, that provided the conditions for his rise to power. Hitler and his Nazi Party claimed they had the solutions to bring Germany ot of the depression and make it a great nation again. In January 1933, Hitler became chancellor of Germany, and by March, his party had won control of all the German Parliament. |
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| The granting of concessions in order to maintain peace. |
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| The German-Speaking region in western Czechoslovakia. In Septemeber, 1938 at conference in Munich, Britain and France agreed to this demand. In turn, Hitler pledged that this would be his last territorial claim. Then, in March 1939, Hitler ignored his pledge to Britain and France and took over the rest of Czechoslovakia. Western leaders were beginning to fear that only war would stop Hitler. The final blow came in 1939, when Hitler invaded Poland. |
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