Term
| bilateral disruption through the pedicles of the axis. |
|
Definition
| Hangman’s Fracture (traumatic Spondyloisthesis) |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of injury is due to hyperextension from abrupt deceleration from a high speed. Seen in hangee’s and in automobile accidents. |
|
Definition
| Hangman’s Fracture (traumatic Spondyloisthesis) |
|
|
Term
| Radiographic features include: Bilateral disruption through the pedicles of the axis best seen on the lateral view just anterior to the inferior facet and usually in association with anterior displacement of C2 on C3. Prevertebral hemorrhage is common, so the retropharyngeal interspace will be increased. An avulsion fracture of the anteroinferior corner of the vertebral body often can be seen. |
|
Definition
| Hangman’s Fracture (traumatic Spondyloisthesis) |
|
|
Term
| an avulsion of the odontoid tip |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fracture at the junction of the odontoid process and the body of C2 |
|
Definition
| Type II Odontoid Fracture |
|
|
Term
| a fracture found deep within the vertebral body below the base of the odontoid process (Has best prognosis for healing |
|
Definition
| Type III Odontoid Fracture |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of injury is apical or alar ligament stress |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of injury is severe hyperflexion/hyperextension |
|
Definition
| Type II or Type III Odontoid Fracture |
|
|
Term
| Radiographic features include: on the lateral projection fracture line, fragmentation, AP displacement, disrupted posterior cervical line, disrupted axis ring, enlarged axis body, absent callus, retropharyngeal swelling, and normal anterior arch. On the frontal projection image findings include a fracture line, tilted odontoid process >5 degrees, osteolysis of the odontoid process. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is when a triangular-shaped piece of bone is separated from the anteroinferior corner of a vertebral body, are unstable injuries that are often associated with acute anterior cervical cord syndromes. Misalignment abnormalities are commonly caused due to severe ligamentous disruption. |
|
Definition
| Flexion Teardrop Fracture |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of injury is due to a form of hyperflexion that compresses the anterior body corners and shears off a significant anteroinferior fragment. |
|
Definition
| Flexion Teardrop Fracture |
|
|
Term
| Radiographic features include: a triangular-shaped piece of bone in front of the fractured vertebra on the lateral view and forward displacement of the fractured vertebra due to a disruption of the ALL and disc attachments at the vertebral endplates. Sometimes rupture of the posterior ligaments allows unilateral or bilateral facet dislocation to occur, with localized kyphosis and widening of the interspinous interspace. |
|
Definition
| Flexion Teardrop Fracture |
|
|
Term
| Is when a triangular-shaped piece of bone is separated from the anteroinferior corner of a vertebral body, are unstable injuries that are often associated with acute anterior cervical cord syndromes. Misalignment abnormalities are commonly caused due to severe ligamentous disruption. |
|
Definition
| Extension teardrop Fracture |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of injury is due to a hyperextension injury that avulses a piece of bone away from the vertebral body |
|
Definition
| Extension teardrop Fracture |
|
|
Term
| Radiographic features include: a triangular-shaped piece of bone in front of the fractured vertebra on the lateral view and forward displacement of the fractured vertebra due to a disruption of the ALL and disc attachments at the vertebral endplates. Sometimes rupture of the posterior ligaments allows unilateral or bilateral facet dislocation to occur, with localized kyphosis and widening of the interspinous interspace. |
|
Definition
| Extension teardrop Fracture |
|
|
Term
| Is often times referred to as a “jumped facet”. This condition can become problematic because when the joint is reduced it often becomes inherently unstable. |
|
Definition
| Unilateral Facet Dislocation |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of injury is due to a flexion-rotation force. Flexion causes a distraction force of the facets while the rotational injury around one of the interfacetal joints causes it to dislocate into the intervertebral foramen. |
|
Definition
| Unilateral Facet Dislocation |
|
|
Term
| Radiographic features include: the lateral view displays forward displacement of the vertebral body. The combination of the anteriorly displaced articular pillar with its former opposing pillar produces the bow tie sign. Frontal radiographs display upward rotation of the spinous process of the dislocated segment. Oblique projections are needed to identify the dislocated facet joint. |
|
Definition
| Unilateral Facet Dislocation |
|
|
Term
| Is an unstable lesion that has a high incidence of cord injuries. This injury is primarily one of soft tissue. The tissue most often injured are the PLL, posterior ligamentous complex, the annulus fibrosis, and the ALL. Disc herniations are common. |
|
Definition
| Bilateral Facet Dislocation |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of injury is due to a severe hyperextension injury found most often at C4-C7. |
|
Definition
| Bilateral Facet Dislocation |
|
|
Term
| Radiographic features include: The superior facets are seen to lie fully anterior to the inferior facets and appear to be locked, because they will not reposition on their own. The body of the dislocated segment is usually displaced anteriorly a distance greater than one half the AP diameter of the body below. Chip fractures from the tip of the articulating processes are often found with this condition. |
|
Definition
| Bilateral Facet Dislocation |
|
|
Term
| Is an avulsive injury to the spinous process. It is also known as a coal-miner’s or root-pullers fracture. This is stable fracture most commonly found at the levels of C6-T1 with no neurological deficit. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of injury is due to abrupt flexion of the head (MVA, diving, or wrestling injures), or from repeated stress caused by the pull of the trapezius and rhomboid muscles on the spinous process. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Radiographic features include: the lateral projection displays an oblique radiolucent fracture line at the base of the spinous process with the distal portion of the spinous process often being displaced caudally. The frontal view often depicts a double spinous sign on a single vertebra. |
|
Definition
|
|
