Term
| functions of the integumentary system |
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Definition
| protect, physical barrier, chemical brarier, form, maintain hydration (keep water in system), temperature and regulation, vitamin D production, detection of stimuli, blood reservoir, excretion (removal of waste product) |
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Term
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Definition
| epidermis and dermis...not hypodermis which contains fat |
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Term
| what is the name of epidermis |
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Definition
| thick keratinzied stratified squamos epithelium - protective |
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Term
| what are the 4 cell types of the epidermis |
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Definition
| keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhand cells, merkel cells |
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Term
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Definition
| keratin...deep layer MITOTIC, keratin is intermediate filament |
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Term
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Definition
| basal layer of epidermis, manufacture protein melanin (transcript and translate), melanin transferred from melanocyte along cytoplasmic projections to neighboring keratinocytes |
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Term
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Definition
dendritic cells...derived from immune system (white blood cells)
manufactured in bone marrow
Macrophage make way through blood stream of epidermis |
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Term
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Definition
| sensory receptor cells, associated with a nerve ending...new epidermis is generated every 35-45 days |
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Term
| What are the trends from deep to superficial |
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Definition
mitotic -> non mitotic
keratin synthesis -> keratin modified
access to blood supply --> no access
living cells --> non living cells |
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Term
| Epidermis layers from bottom to top |
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Definition
Stratum germinativum
stratum spinosum
stratum granulosum
stratum lucidum
stratum corneum |
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Term
| stratum germinativum/ basale |
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Definition
| deepest, youngest, mitotic |
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Term
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Definition
| spiny projections artifact (called prickle cells) |
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Term
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Definition
flattened, contains granules, water proofing layer
last cells to be nourished by blood indirectly ** |
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Term
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Definition
| only present in thick skin plams and soles feet |
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Term
| which layer of the epidermis is only found in palms and soles feet |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
thickend protective cornified flakes off most superficial
20-30 cell layers thick |
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Term
| 2nd layer of integument, what's it made out of and bound together with |
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Definition
dermis
strong connective tissue layer
bound together with collagen elastin and reticular fibers, synthesized by fibroblasts |
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Term
| Dermis contains which two layers |
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Definition
papillary layer
reticular layer |
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Term
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Definition
thin-superficial
blood vessles
projections and indentations papillae- projections push up against epidermis
dermal ridges-palms of hands soles and feet...imprint the epidermis causes increase gripping and finger and footprints |
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Term
| Reticular layer made out of what type of tissue |
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Definition
deep, dense, irregular connective tissue
thicker
collagen bundles (have high tensile strength), binds water, elastin--recoild, striae stretch marks; collagen tearing |
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Term
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Definition
melanin
carotene
hemoglobin |
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Term
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Definition
gives us our skin color, synthesized in melanocyte--protein
freckles and moles concentrations of melanin |
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Term
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Definition
| yellowish; varies with diet--egg yolks and yellow vegetable |
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Term
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Definition
redness; blood
sick individuals blood vessels constrict; pale |
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Term
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Definition
| layers of dead cells;keratinocyte |
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Term
| what does hard keratin have |
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Definition
| more compact; sulfur bonds; durable |
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Term
shaft project from skin--visible
shape of shaft determines shape of hair |
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Definition
flat-kinky curly
oval- wavy
round-straight and coarse |
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Term
Shaft projections from skin (hair)
layers |
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Definition
3 in the shaft
medulla has softest keortin
cortex bulky flat cells
cuticle singl cells maintain integrity of shaft and keep each shaft separate from e/o |
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Term
| root of the hair is embedded in skin and is visible. true or false. |
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Definition
| false, root of the hair is embedded in skin and is NOT visible |
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Term
| color determined by melanocytes at the base of follicle where is it transferred |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
shaft extend to dermis/hypodermis
1)hair bulb- growth @ matrix
2)root hair plexus- nerve
3)papillae-blood supply, and lies deep to matrix |
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Term
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Definition
attached to hair shaft causes goose bumps
contracts when scared/cold
made out of CT smooth muscle |
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Term
Nails
what is hard keratin made out of (layer of epidermis)
what is nail matrix made out of |
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Definition
modification of existing epidermis
a)Hard keratin- stratum corneum; tough surface (tough surface)
b)nail matrix- stratum germinativum of the epidermis |
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Term
Glands (3)
2 special sweat glands |
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Definition
| eccrine, apocrine, sebaceous, ceruminous, mammary |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
coiled, tubular, open on much of body but concentrated in skin of palms forehead soles of feet
sweat is formed as a filtrate of blood |
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Term
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Definition
| the sympathetic nervous system |
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Term
sweatpasses through
it contains |
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Definition
secretory cells of the glands and fluid is released by exocytosis
contains water, NACl, som vitamin C, antibodies, antimicrobials, and metabolic wastes ph=4-6 |
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Term
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Definition
also merocrine gland but located in axillary and anogenital regions
larger than eccrine and DUCTS EMPTY INTO HAIR FOLLICLES |
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Term
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Definition
secrete sweat, fat, and proteins
odorless- bacteria on skin cause body odor
begin function at puberty
not involved in temperature regulation
sympathetic control |
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Term
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Definition
wax producing external ear canal
secrete milk |
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Term
| sebaceous gland/alveolar holocrine gland |
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Definition
oil gland
located everywhere but palms of hands and soles of feet
OUTGROWHTS OF HAIR FOLLICLES
secrete sebum: accumulate oily lipids then burst
hormonal stimulation acne- staph infections treated with antibiotic |
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