Term
| Epithelial Tissue (function & characteristics) |
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Definition
Functions:
- Covers/lines things
- forms glands
Characteristics:
- Cellularity: many cells
- Specialized Contacts: fit closely together to prevent ripping
- Polarity: cilia/microvilli
- Connective tissue support: basal side
- Vascularity: receives blood from CT
- Quick Regeneration: mitosis occurs at basal layer to replenish cells at apical surface
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Term
| Epithelial Tissue (Types) |
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Definition
- Simple Squamous: Flat; filtration/exchange
- Simple Cuboidal: Square; secretion/absorption
- Simple Columnar: Tall; absorption
- Pseudostratisfied: Secretion
- Stratified squamous: protection; 2 types: keratinized (dry skin) and nonkeratinized (moist)
- Stratified Cuboidal: Transitional; stretches (flattened to puffy)
- Stratified Columnar: protection
Glandular types:
- Endocrine: no ducts; secretions released into blood vascular system
- Exocrine: ducts; connects to surface epithelium; release to glands at skin or organs
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Term
| Connective Tissue (Basic function & Structure) |
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Definition
Function: connects things everywhere in body and is a packing substance; Specialized CT helps support body and transports O2 and CO2 Structure:
Cells: make matrix; maintain tissue health
Matrix: (non cellular part)
1) Ground substance: unstructued, space filler; GAGs trap/hold water
2) Fibers: Provide support; 3 types: Collagen, Elastic & Reticular |
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Term
| Connective Tissue Proper (types) |
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Definition
1) Loose CT:
- Areolar: most abundant; packing substance of body(lots of G.S); Cells=fibroblasts, microphasias, & white blood cells; All 3 fibers present
- Adipose: Mostly cells/little matrix; Cells:adipocytes; stores nutrients and insulates body; highly metabolic and vascularized
- Reticular: reticular cells & fibers; network forms skeleton like structure
2) Dense CT: made mostly of fibers
- Regular: closely bundled collagen fibers running parallel; closely packed fibroblast cells, little G.S; in many tendons & ligaments; poorly vascularized
- Irregular: Fibers run in many directions; found where tension exerted in many directions-skin/dermis
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Term
| Specialized Connective Tissue |
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Definition
1) Cartilage: tough, flexible, Avascular; Cells: Chondrocytes; G.S.: Ghaluronic Acid & Chondroiton Sulfate; Fibers: Collagen & elastic; 3 types: Hyaline (most abundant/covers articular surface of bones), elastic (bending), and fibrocartilage (most collagen/ strong support and absorbs pressure)
2) Bone: Cells: Osteocytes; G.S: inorganic salts (calcium & phosphate); Fibers: Collagen
3) Blood: atypical/no support or connective properties; Cells: Red & white blood cells; G.S: Plasma; Fibers: Soluable in Plasma (clots) |
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Term
| Nervous Tissue (function and types) |
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Definition
Excitable tissue that conducts impulses throughout body
1) Neurons: generate and conduct impulses
2)Supporting Cells: nonconducting cells (Glial cells in C.N.S; Swchwann cells in P.N.S) |
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Term
| Muscle Tissue (function and types) |
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Definition
Responsible for movements inside and outside of body
1)Skeletal: Striated, voluntary, makes bones and face move
2)Cardiac: Striated, involuntary, branching, found in heart
3)Smooth: No striations, involuntary, found in walls of organs |
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Term
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Definition
1)Mucosa: Lines body cavities with epithelium; opens to outside of body
2)Serosa: Covers organs and internal cavities with epithelium; does NOT open to outside of body;
3)Cutaneous:skin; Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with underlying dermis (connective tissue) |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin collagen that forms mesh support; in basement membrane and lymph nodes |
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Term
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Definition
| Gives stretch and recoil ability; in some ligaments and large arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| Most abundant type; tough/provides high tensile strength; found in tendons, ligaments, and bone |
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