Term
| Muscles in the Anterior (Extensor) Compartment of the Leg |
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Definition
Dorsiflexion; Innervated by Deep Fibular Nerve;
- Tibialis Anterior
- Extensor Digitorum Longus
- Fibularis Tertius
- Extensor Hallucis Longus
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Term
| Muscles in the Lateral Compartment of the Leg |
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Definition
Plantar flexion & eversion; Innervated by Superficial Fibular Nerve;
- Fibularis Longus
- Fibularis Brevis
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Term
| Muscles in the Posterior (Flexor) Compartment of the Leg |
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Definition
Two Groups: both innervated by Tibial Nerve
1. Superficial Group: Plantar flexion;
- Gastrocnemius
- Soleus
- Plantaris
2. Deep Group
- Popliteus
- Flexor Digitorum Longus
- Flexor Hallucis Longus
- Tibialis Posterior
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Term
| Tibialis Anterior (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Anterior Leg;
O: Lateral condyle of upper 2/3 of tibia; interosseous membrane
I: Medial cuneiform and first metatarsal
N: Deep Fibular Nerve
A: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot |
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Term
| Extensor Digitorum Longus (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Anterior Leg;
O: Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal 3/4 of fibula, and interosseous membrane
I: Phalanges of toes 2-5 (by Expansor Extension Hood)
N: Deep Fibular Nerve
A: Dorsiflexes and extends toes; everts foot |
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Term
| Fibularis Tertius (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Anterior Leg;
O: Distal fibula and interosseous membrane
I: Fifth metatarsal
N: Deep Fibular Nerve
A: Dorsiflexes and everts foot
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Term
| Extensor Hallucis Longus (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Anterior Leg;
O: Anterior fibula and interosseous membrane
I: Distal phalanx of great toe
N: Deep Fibular Nerve
A: Extends great toe; dorsiflexes foot |
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Term
| Fibularis Longus (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Lateral Leg; more superficial muscle;
O: Head and upper portion of fibula
I: First metatarsal and medial cuneiform
N: Superficial Fibular Nerve
A: Plantar flexes and everts foot; supports arch |
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Term
| Fibularis Brevis (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Lateral Leg; deeper muscle;
O: Distal shaft of fibula
I: Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
N: Superficial Fibular Nerve
A: Plantar flexes and everts foot |
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Term
| Gastrocnemius (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Posterior Leg (Superficial); a border of the popliteal fossa; two heads (medial and lateral);
O: Medial (medial) & lateral condyles (lateral) of femur
I: Calcaneous via calcaneal tendon (achilles tendon)
N: Tibial Nerve
A: Flexes leg at knee; Plantar flexes foot at ankle |
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Term
| Soleus (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Posterior Leg (Superficial); deep to gastrocnemius;
O: Head of fibula and soleal line of tibia
I: Calcaneous via calcaneal tendon (achilles tendon)
N: Tibial Nerve
A: Plantar flexes foot at ankle (Does NOT cross knee joint) |
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Term
| Plantaris (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Posterior Leg (Superficial);
O: Posterior aspect of lateral condyle of femur
I: Long, thin tendon inserts into calcaneus or the medial aspect of the calcaneal tendon
N: Tibial Nerve
A: Assists in leg flexion at knee and plantar flexion of foot |
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Term
| Popliteus (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Posterior Leg (Deep);
O: Lateral condyle of femur
I: Proximal tibia
N: Tibial Nerve
A: Flexes and medially rotates leg; Unlocks knee from full extension to begin flexion (by rotating femur laterally 5 degrees on tibia at knee joint) |
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Term
| Flexor Digitorum Longus (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Posterior Leg (Deep);
O: Posterior tibia
I: Distal phalanges of toes 2-5
N: Tibial Nerve
A: Plantar flexes and inverts foot; flexes toes |
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Term
| Flexor Hallucis Longus (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Posterior Leg (Deep);
O: Lower shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane
I: Distal phalanx of great toe
N: Tibial Nerve
A: Plantar Flexes and inverts foot; flexes great toe; strong push off muscle for walking (toe off) |
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Term
| Tibialis Posterior (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Posterior Leg (Deep);
O: Superior aspect of tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane
I: Several tarsals and metatarsals 2-4 (plantar surface)
N: Tibial Nerve
A: Inversion and plantar flexion of foot; supports arch |
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