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Zehr:Exam II
biology questions
37
Biology
Undergraduate 1
04/30/2009

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Term
What organelle is considered to be the "packaging plant" of a cell?
Definition
golgi
Term
what organelle is considered to be the "power plant" of a cell?
Definition
mitochondrion
Term
name the organelle that is composed of both RNA and protein that is involved in protein synthesis.
Definition
mitochondrion
Term
What are lysosomes?
Definition
cellular pumps for removing excess sodium
Term
What is consider to be plastids?
Definition
chloroplasts
Term
movement of a solvent across a cell membrane and against a concentration gradient with the expenditure of energy is called?
Definition
active transport
Term
what are organisms called that lack a nucleus and most other cell organelle?
Definition
prokaryotes
Term
what forms the greatest portion of a cell membrane?
Definition
protein
Term
the digestion of bacteria by white blood cells is an example of?
Definition
phagocytosis
Term
what makes up the major portion of a plant cell wall?
Definition
microfibrils
Term
what would always be found in a cell that is very active metabolically?
Definition
numerous mitochondria
Term
The capacity of a lens to distinguish between two points that are very close together is called?
Definition
resolution
Term
What is the magnification of a microscope that a 10X eyepiece and a 10X objective.
Definition
100X
Term
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Definition
to make ribosomal RNA
Term
What is the characteristic of cells that are actively secreting proteins?
Definition
Well-developed golgi and rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Term
The formation of a new strand of DNA by using a preexisting strand as a emplate is called?
Definition
replication
Term
Give the base sequence of mRNA that would be formed from a segment of DNA that has the sequence GCTA?
Definition
CGAU
Term
What holds the two chains of nucleotides in DNA to one another?
Definition
Hydrogen bonds
Term
How many nucleotides are in a single codon?
Definition
3
Term
The complete set of different nucleotide sequences that indicate specific amino acids is called?
Definition
the genetic code
Term
who correctly described the structure of DNA in 1953?
Definition
Watson and Crick
Term
What is characteristic of DNA?
Definition
Generally found in the nucleus.
Term
How many different kinds of nucleotides are present in DNA?
Definition
4
Term
When is DNA made during the cell cycle?
Definition
During the S-phase.
Term
Where is an anticodon found?
Definition
In tRNA
Term
What is formed during translation?
Definition
Protein
Term
If the DNA molecule is pictured as a ladder, the steps on the ladder would be?
Definition
Nitrogenous base(organic bases)
Term
Which nucleic acid actually codes for a complete protein?
Definition
mRNA
Term
What binds the chromatids in a chromosomes together?
Definition
A centromere
Term
When are distinct chromosome first visible in a cell?
Definition
During prophase
Term
A cell has a haploid chromosome number of 4. During prophase Ⅱ, how many chromosomes are present in each cell?
Definition
4
Term
Name the stage in cell division when chromatids separate.
Definition
Anaphase
Term
During meiosis, when might the composition of a chromosome be altered?
Definition
Prophase Ⅰ
Term
What are homologous chromosomes?
Definition
A pair of chromosomes, one from the mother and one from the father, that contain genes that affect the same traits.
Term
When does the amount of DNA in a cell double during the cell cycle?
Definition
S
Term
During which phase of mitosis are the chromosomes lined up in the center of the cell?
Definition
Metaphase
Term
What is the haploid number of chromosomes in a human sex cell?
Definition
23
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