Term
| (05-01) How many layers are in the GIT wall? What are they? |
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Definition
| Four: mucusa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa |
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Term
| (05-01) What is the GIT lumen? |
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Definition
| The space in the GIT through which food moves |
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Term
| (05-01) What type of tissue is the serosa? |
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Definition
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Term
| (05-01) What are the layers of the mucosa? |
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Definition
| Mucous membrane, lamina propia, muscularis mucosa |
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Term
| (05-01) Where are goblet cells in the GIT wall? |
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Definition
| On the mucosa’ mucous membrane |
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Term
| (05-01) What does the lamina propria do? |
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Definition
| It has lymph, blood, nerves, connective tissue, and Peyer’s patches, all of which helps with immunity |
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Term
| (05-01) What are Peyer’s patches? Where are they found? |
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Definition
| Organized lymphoid tissue within the lamina propria. Found prticularly in the ileum |
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Term
| (05-01) What are M-cells? Where are the found/what are they near? |
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Definition
| “Microfold” cells that sample luminal contents and present to Peyer’s patches. They’re found only in the mucosa above Peyer’s patches. |
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Term
| (05-01) What are the two important cells of the lumina propria? |
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Definition
| Peyer’s patches and M-cells |
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Term
| (05-01) Why are M-cells tasty for pathogens? |
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Definition
| Because M-cells provide a path from the outside to the inside, e.g. Shigella |
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Term
| (05-01) Why are M-cells useful for vaccines? |
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Definition
| M-cells can directly present oral vaccines to the immune system. |
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Term
| (05-01) What shapes do you find in the muscularis mucosa? |
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Definition
| Longitudinal and circular muscles that create folds |
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Term
| (05-01) What is the submucosa made of? Why? |
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Definition
| Connective tissue; it’s stretchy, so it allows the GIT to accommodate a big bolus of food. |
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Term
| (05-01) What is in the submucosal plexus? |
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Definition
| Nerves that control secretion in the GIT |
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Term
| (05-01) What are the two layers of the muscularis externa? |
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Definition
| Inner circular and outer longitudinal |
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Term
| (05-01) What is the muscularis externa good for? |
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Definition
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Term
| (05-01) What drives the inner circular layer of the muscularis? |
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Definition
| ANS: spontaneous contraction |
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Term
| (05-01) What drives the outer longitudinal layer of the muscularis? |
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Definition
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Term
| (05-01) What does the serosa do? |
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Definition
| Provides support within the body cavity |
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Term
| (05-01) What is the serosa made of? |
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Definition
| The inner layer is connective tissue and the outer layer is epithelial tissue |
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Term
| (05-01) What four things are found in saliva? What do they do? |
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Definition
| Mucin (lubrication); amylase (carbohydrate digestion); muramidase (attack bacterial cell walls); and lactoferrin (binds iron, preventing biofilm formation |
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Term
| (05-01) If you have cystic fibrosis, what chemical is missing in saliva? |
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Definition
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Term
| (05-01) What is the chemical in colostrum that is so important to give babies? |
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Definition
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Term
| (05-01) What are the pharynx and exophagus good for? |
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Definition
| Transportation from the mouth to the stomach |
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Term
| (05-01) What type(s) of digestion takes place in the stomach? |
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Definition
| Mechanical digestion and chemical digestion |
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Term
| (05-01) What are the three areas of the stomach? |
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Definition
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Term
| (05-01) What is the function of the antrum? |
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Definition
| Moves food to the small intestine |
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Term
| (05-01) If you eat a gigantic meal, what part of the stomach expands? How much can it expand? |
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Definition
| Fundus; it can expand 20X |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| (05-01) What cells are found in gastric pits? |
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Definition
| Parietal cells (make HCl and Intrinsic factor), G cells (make gastrin, which activates parietal cells), neck cells (mucous), and chief cells (make pepsinogen) |
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Term
| (05-01) What are the main chemicals in gastric juices? Which cells make what? |
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Definition
| Mucin (neck cells), pepsinogen (chief cells), HCl (parietal cells), IF (parietal cells), and gastrin (G cells) |
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